James ChadwickBirth Chart
20/10/1891 unknown time
XX - Time not informed
Bollington
England
53°18' ↑ North - 2°06' ← West
00:00
Sun Moon
Photo: Reproduction
James Chadwick was a British experimental physicist whose core work redefined the understanding of the atomic nucleus. In 1932 he discovered the neutron, an uncharged particle that explained discrepancies in nuclear models and opened the way for studies of nuclear reactions; for this discovery he received the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1935.
Trained in Manchester under the supervision of Ernest Rutherford, Chadwick developed important experimental techniques, such as measurements of beta radiation with the Geiger counter, and determined the mass of the neutron, consolidating its theoretical and practical significance. After his discovery, he held the chair of physics at Liverpool, modernizing facilities and installing a cyclotron to advance research in nuclear physics.
During the Second World War he led the British team associated with the Manhattan Project and, in 1941, drafted the report that catalyzed American efforts on atomic weapons research. Knighted in 1945, his legacy endures in nuclear physics, both in the structural understanding of the atom and in the medical and energy applications that followed.
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